Grace Is Free, Not Cheap

Sermon for Proper 23, Year A

Matthew 22:1-14

Okay, so that was a really tricky parable! It’s pretty high on my list of “things I wish Jesus had not said.”

At first glance, it looks like a story about a violent megalomaniac who murders people for declining a wedding invitation, and then has his troops go out into the city and bring a bunch of random people in, but then kicks one of them out because he didn’t happen to be wearing a tuxedo that day.

If this doesn’t sound fair to you, don’t worry, you haven’t missed the point. It means that you’re paying attention.

This is a parable that requires quite a bit of unpacking, but lucky for you, you just happen to have a resident Bible nerd to do it. So let’s jump right in.

Jesus spoke this parable during Holy Week, where our gospel readings have been for the last several weeks.

In the reading that we heard last week, we heard the parable of the wicked tenants, who would not give the vineyard owner the fruits of the harvest when the time came. And when the vineyard owner sent his servants to collect that produce, they beat them up, mistreated them, and killed them. Finally, they did the same to his own son.

You can see the parallel between last week and this week. The king’s servants sent out to deliver the invitation to the wedding were also beat up and killed by those who did not want to accept the invitation. Their rejection came with violence. The king then answers with even greater violence.

This is one of those areas where a parable is not exactly an allegory, so it’s not just that the king symbolizes God, therefore everything the king does is what God would do. That’s not how parables work. I think we can see this quite plainly because, at the end of Holy Week, Jesus will be rejected and killed by the established authorities, but he does not return violence for violence. Instead, he prays for the ones crucifying him, saying, “Father, forgive them.”

The world answers violence with more violence, but Jesus shows us another way.

The really remarkable thing about this parable is that, after this initial rejection of the invitation, the wedding feast still goes on. The invitation is then extended to the people in the streets, far and wide, “both good and bad.” Everyone is welcome here.

The elites turned down the invitation, but the common people accepted it. Nobody there earned their seat at the table. They just happened to be in the right place at the right time. They’re at the feast because grace made room for them.

Jesus is creating a community that is a sanctuary, a place that is safe from the ongoing power struggles in the world today. In his feast, belonging is given rather than earned.

But then, we have this coda at the end of the parable, where a guest is kicked out for not wearing a wedding robe.

Why would the king expect a random guy from the neighborhood to be dressed in a tuxedo, if he was just on his way to the grocery store?

This is where the parable is more metaphorical story than party planning advice. This character has accepted the invitation to the party, but refused to participate in the celebration.

Here is a modern equivalent: I’d like you to imagine a wedding where the mother of the groom disapproves of the bride, so she comes to the wedding dressed as if she was going to a funeral: black dress, black veil, head cast down, weeping tears of grief. It would be pretty clear to everyone that she was sending a message with the way she was dressed. She’s saying, “I’m physically present, but I am not joining this celebration.”

I think the same thing is true of this man who did not have a wedding garment. He is deliberately choosing to reject the meaning of the celebration. Jesus ends the parable by discussing some rather stark consequences for this rejection.

The king says, “Bind him hand and foot and cast him into the outer darkness where there is weeping and gnashing of teeth.”

Jesus follows up with, “For many are called but few are chosen.”

I don’t think this warning is about hellfire or damnation. I think this is about the danger that we face when we show up to the celebration in the Church of Christ, but refuse to participate in that celebration.

Grace is free, but it is not cheap.

This story is more familiar to me personally than I would like to admit. When I was in seminary, I had very high academic ambitions.

I planned to get a PhD, write many important books, and have one of those tweed blazers with the patches on the elbows. I wanted to prove that I was the smartest person in the room, so I tried to dominate every classroom discussion and get the professor’s attention.

My girlfriend at the time was disturbed when she saw this behavior. She said, “This is not who I know you to be.”

There was a second problem with my strategy for being the smartest person in the room:
Namely, that I was not in fact the smartest person in the room.

There was always someone who was just a little bit smarter than me, a little bit quicker with their response, and a little bit better at playing academic politics with the right professors.

I was getting really frustrated, and I began to question whether an academic career might not be the right place for me, after all. I asked my roommate one night, “Do you think that maybe ordained ministry might suit me better than a career in the academy?

He laughed in my face and said, “I think just about anything would!”

I thought my problem was that I was losing the game of academic competition. But I realized later that the real problem was the game itself.

I was turning seminary into another contest for recognition.
I was turning theology into another way to win.

But Jesus was offering me something much, much better.

That, I think, is what the symbol of the wedding garment is really about.

In his letter to the Colossians, St. Paul encourages the people to clothe themselves with compassion, kindness, humility, patience, and above all, love. This is the clothing of a follower of Christ. This is what it looks like when someone participates in the gracious celebration of the community that Christ has created.

If you’re going to come to the party, you need to dress for the party.

You don’t need money or status.
You don’t need a spotless past.
You don’t need to prove that you earned your spot there.

Dietrich Bonhoeffer famously wrote, “When Christ calls a man (sic), he bids him come and die.”

Sometimes, the thing that needs to die in us is that need to win, dominate, and be right. To make other people smaller than we are.

We think of grace as a lovely and feel-good concept, but the fact is that grace is very offensive.

It offends us twice:
First, it offends us because it lets in the people that we think don’t belong there. The people who don’t look like us, think like us, pray like us, vote like us, or love like us. The people we’d rather not have in the room.

The second way that grace offends us is that it asks us to give up those struggles for power and one-upmanship that made us think that we belong more than those other people.

Grace is free. But it’s not cheap.

What grace costs us is the power struggle that we thought we needed in order to have a place at the table.
Because we don’t earn a place at God’s table.
Grace gives it to us.

Your Faith Has Made You Whole

Sermon for Proper 23, Year C

Click here for the biblical readings.

Navigating the diverse world of religious beliefs can be an enlightening, if tricky, experience, even when one is already an active participant in a particular faith community. Visiting another community for the first time can feel disorienting. Up until last week, I had been to Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox church services. I had visited a synagogue and even served as a guest preacher in Unitarian Universalist services, but until recently, I had never been to a mosque.

That changed a little over a week ago when I attended Friday prayer services at the American Muslim Society of Coldwater with my friend, Pastor Scott Marsh, of the Coldwater United Methodist Church. Pastor Scott and I meet regularly for mutual support and to discuss joint ministry opportunities in service to the wider Coldwater community.

One concern that we share is for our Muslim neighbors in our beautiful city, most of whom are also Yemeni immigrants. In spite of the fact that there are differences of skin color, religion, and language between these, our neighbors, and the predominantly light-skinned, Christian, and English-speaking population of Coldwater, Pastor Scott and I wanted to send a message of friendship and support from the Christian clergy of this town.

We were concerned that the negative and hostile rhetoric against immigrants and Muslims that seems to predominate in present-day news media was causing our neighbors to feel unsafe and unwelcome in our community. What we discovered instead surprised us greatly, but I will return to that in a moment.

What I want to emphasize right now is the sense of awkwardness that Pastor Scott and I felt as newcomers in a religious space, even though both he and I are trained professionals in the sphere of religion. For once, we did not stride into the room with the confidence of leaders, but with the tentativeness of visitors. We were unaccustomed to the practice of taking off our shoes at the door. We didn’t understand a word of the sermon or the liturgy, which was entirely in Arabic. We were vulnerable outsiders, cut off from the usual trappings of familiarity that make us feel comfortable in the religious spaces where we lead.

This experience of isolation and fragmentation is common in modern society. We, the people of the digital age, for whom the traditional structures of faith and family seem to be eroding away in the relentless stream of data that comes through the internet, are frequently left feeling like strangers in a strange land. We feel cut off from the sources of meaning that sustained our ancestors for generations. In the wake of constant change, this sense of alienation is understandable—and it relates directly to today’s gospel.

In the story that we read this morning, Jesus encounters a group of similarly alienated people. The text tells us that they were lepers, although that term is a bit of a misnomer. Leprosy, in the modern sense, refers to a condition known as Hansen’s disease, but in the ancient world it could refer to one of any number of infectious skin diseases that required those who suffered from them to be quarantined from the general population. Their isolation from the rest of society was not a matter of moral purity but of public health.

The Torah required that people suffering from skin disease keep their distance from everyone else and loudly announce their condition whenever an uninfected person drew near. This was the isolated state of the ten people whom Jesus encountered in today’s reading. Moreover, the reading particularly focuses on one person who was even more isolated than the rest because he was a Samaritan—and thus regarded as a heretic and a half-breed by his Jewish neighbors.

So this person, like many of us in the modern age, was cut off from all the familiar sources that gave life meaning in the ancient world. These ten people, and this one Samaritan in particular, cried out to Jesus for mercy from the depths of their isolation and despair.

Jesus, in turn, reconnected them to the roots of their tradition, where they might find meaning. He said, “Go, show yourselves to the priest.” And the text says that as they went, they were made clean. This was all well and good for most of them, but not for the Samaritan. For him, there was no option of showing himself to the priest because he was not Jewish but a Samaritan, and thus unable to enter the temple and complete the ritual of purification prescribed by the Torah.

So what was he to do? He did the only thing he could think of—he turned around, returned to the presence of Jesus, fell at his feet, and thanked him. Upon seeing this, Jesus asked a very interesting series of questions. He said, “Were not ten made clean? But the other nine—where are they? Was none of them found to return and give praise to God except this foreigner?”

I find those to be very interesting questions. Upon hearing them, many of us consider them to be rhetorical questions. The answer, we think, is obviously no. No, no one but this foreigner returned to give praise to God. But that doesn’t sit well with a careful reading of the text.

After all, Jesus had told the ten to go show themselves to the priests, hadn’t he? Presumably, they were doing exactly what Jesus had asked them to do—visiting the priests in the temple and giving thanks to God for their healing, as prescribed in the Torah that their ancestors had followed for generations. The only reason one of them came back to thank Jesus personally was because that person was legally unable to enter the temple under the traditional laws of the Torah.

What I wonder is whether Jesus’s question was not rhetorical but authentic. What if he actually wanted us to consider where the other nine had gone? What if Jesus wanted to show us that there is more than one way to give thanks to God when we are grateful for the good things that God has done for us? What if the diversity of praise is the very thing that Jesus wants to highlight for us in today’s gospel?

Kindred in Christ, I believe that is exactly what is happening in today’s reading. After asking these three poignant questions, Jesus turns to the Samaritan ex-leper and says, “Get up and go on your way. Your faith has made you well.”

The first thing I notice about this sentence is the part where Jesus says, “Go on your way.” It reminds me of the Fleetwood Mac song from the 1970s: You Can Go Your Own Way. He doesn’t tell the Samaritan to convert to Judaism or to start following the laws of the Torah. He says, “You can go your own way.”

And immediately after this, I find it most fascinating that he refuses to take credit for his own miracle. He doesn’t say, “I have made you well.” He says, “Your faith has made you well.” He gives credit not to the giver of the gift but to the receiver. Isn’t that interesting?

To me, that says that Jesus isn’t interested in building a name for himself because Jesus doesn’t have an ego to bruise. I mean, come on—the guy works a miracle and then refuses to take credit for it. Who does that? Only the kind of person who is more interested in helping people than getting credit for it.

Jesus said to the man, “Your faith has made you well.” And there’s something else that’s interesting to me about that. Our translation, the New Revised Standard Version, renders that last phrase as “Your faith has made you well,” but other translations have rendered it differently. Some say, “Your faith has saved you,” or “Your faith has healed you.” But this is one of the very rare instances where I think the 17th-century King James Version actually renders it best. The King James Version says, “Thy faith hath made thee whole.”

And I really like that, because that’s what faith actually does for us. Whether or not faith can cure people of physical ailments or preserve their immortal souls for bliss in the afterlife, faith, we know, has the power to make us whole.

Humans are meaning-making machines. Evolution has hardwired us to look for patterns and connections in the world around us. When we see two unrelated events that seem to be related to one another, we instinctively look for some kind of causal connection between them. We can’t help it—it’s just the way we were made.

Our faith is not a system of beliefs that we cannot prove scientifically, but the means through which we are able to put together the fragmented pieces of our lives into one coherent whole. Like Jesus said to the man in today’s gospel, our faith makes us whole.

Kindred in Christ, that is the good news coming to us through today’s gospel. That is how we can take the fragmented parts of our life and the alienated people in our society and weave them together into one coherent unit—not because we look alike or talk alike or pray alike, but because we have been brought together into one family by the God who loves us all, regardless of our skin color, or ethnic background, or language, or even our religious beliefs. Our faith has made us whole.

When Pastor Scott and I went to the mosque on the Friday before last, we entered that building as strangers and outsiders. We didn’t speak the language. We didn’t share their specific beliefs. And these two white guys didn’t even look like anyone else in that room. But I want to tell you how we received a welcome of radical hospitality and joy and love. We got a tour of the beautiful new facility that they are building for the worship of God and for service to our community.

They spoke to us about members of their faith community who have been in Coldwater longer than either Pastor Scott or I have been on this earth. Kindred in Christ, I want to tell you today, with both embarrassment and joy, that Pastor Scott and I went to that mosque to extend hospitality, but instead we received it. We went there to offer welcome, but instead we were welcomed.

They surrounded us with the loving arms of Allah, which is simply the Arabic word for God. Friends, Pastor Scott and I learned something that day. We discovered, like the Samaritan in today’s gospel, that our faith has made us whole—not an Episcopal faith, or a Methodist faith, or a Muslim faith, but faith in that mystery which transcends all names and categories, including the categories of existence and nonexistence. Faith in God, or Allah, or love, or any other name that you may choose to give this mystery.

It was faith that brought us together. It was faith that united us across the boundaries of our many differences. It was our faith that made us whole.

Amen.

Fr. Barrett, Pastor Scott, Dr. Ali, and a longtime member of AMS Coldwater (also named Ali)